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　　在小(xiao)編的(de)觀念里(li)數控(kong)機床設計是(shi)一個十分考驗人(ren)體(ti)(ti)腦力(li)(li)和(he)身(shen)體(ti)(ti)協調(diao)的(de)東西，他能把我們腦中想到的(de)關乎計劃規劃設想通過視覺的(de)形式傳達出來，這就意味(wei)著你(ni)不僅得有(you)作圖的(de)能力(li)(li)，還(huan)得有(you)很豐富(fu)的(de)想象(xiang)力(li)(li)。

      數(shu)控機床(chuang)設計就要(yao)在(zai)腦(nao)海中形(xing)成(cheng)一個數(shu)字公(gong)(gong)式(shi)，想(xiang)要(yao)確定(ding)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量，就要(yao)先知道毛胚尺(chi)寸(cun)和(he)零件圖設計，尺(chi)寸(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)差(cha)(cha)是加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)總(zong)余量，工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)余量則(ze)是兩個工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)尺(chi)寸(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)差(cha)(cha)，而(er)且還要(yao)考慮影(ying)響加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)余量的(de)(de)因(yin)素，這(zhe)些因(yin)素就有加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)表面上的(de)(de)表面粗糙度(du)和(he)表面缺陷層深度(du)，還有加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前或上工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)尺(chi)寸(cun)公(gong)(gong)差(cha)(cha)，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前或者上工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)各表面相(xiang)互(hu)位置(zhi)的(de)(de)空間偏(pian)差(cha)(cha)，以及本工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時的(de)(de)裝甲(jia)誤差(cha)(cha)，需要(yao)熟(shu)知各個尺(chi)寸(cun)，還要(yao)知道工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)尺(chi)寸(cun)和(he)公(gong)(gong)差(cha)(cha)要(yao)怎么去計算(suan)，他們的(de)(de)計算(suan)公(gong)(gong)式(shi)需要(yao)通過(guo)圖文來理解。

      這里(li)我就用(yong)純文字來告訴大家在工(gong)(gong)序的(de)定(ding)位基準(zhun)和(he)(he)設計基準(zhun)重合時進行表面的(de)多(duo)(duo)次加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，工(gong)(gong)序尺(chi)(chi)寸可(ke)以(yi)通過后(hou)續加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)序尺(chi)(chi)寸加(jia)(jia)(jia)上(shang)去或(huo)者(zhe)減去，公稱工(gong)(gong)序余量得到，光是聽一遍還是比較難懂的(de)，要多(duo)(duo)琢磨琢磨才(cai)行，除了加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余量的(de)確定(ding)和(he)(he)影(ying)響加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)余量的(de)因(yin)數(shu)(shu)要考慮之外還要兼顧(gu)機床(chuang)以(yi)及工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)裝備(bei)的(de)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)，像(xiang)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)機床(chuang)時就要遵(zun)循三(san)個適應(ying)(ying)原則，數(shu)(shu)控(kong)機床(chuang)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)尺(chi)(chi)寸范圍要和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)外擴(kuo)尺(chi)(chi)寸相(xiang)適應(ying)(ying)，數(shu)(shu)控(kong)機床(chuang)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作精(jing)度(du)(du)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)序要求的(de)精(jing)度(du)(du)以(yi)及生(sheng)產效率和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)生(sheng)產類型都要相(xiang)互(hu)適應(ying)(ying)，在選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)裝備(bei)時就要選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)合適的(de)夾具(ju)，刀具(ju)量具(ju)，不要小看這些輔件(jian)(jian)，越好的(de)越合適的(de)輔件(jian)(jian)，可(ke)以(yi)讓數(shu)(shu)控(kong)機床(chuang)的(de)生(sheng)產事半(ban)功倍，還有考慮的(de)因(yin)素，就是時間(jian)定(ding)額，以(yi)及縮減單件(jian)(jian)的(de)時間(jian)。